ASTM A106 Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe Manufacturer and Supplier – Brisk Steel
| Standard | ASTM A106 / ASME SA106 |
| Manufacture | Hot-Finished or cold drawn |
| Material | Seamless Carbon steel pipe |
| Grade | Grade A, Grade B, and Grade C |
| Dimensions | NPS 1/8 – NPS 48 [DN 6 – DN 1200] |
| Process | for bending, flanging,and similar forming operations,and for welding |
| Application | High-temperature services |
What is the ASTM A106 ?
ASTM A106 (ASME SA106) is a standard specification for seamless carbon steel pipes for high-temperature service. It is divided into three grades: Grade A, Grade B, and Grade C, and the performance of each grade increases in turn. A106 steel pipe is also suitable for forming operations such as bending and flanging, as well as welding. It is widely used in the fields of oil and gas, electric power, chemical industry, construction, and machinery manufacturing.
Notes: ASTM A106 and ASME SA 106 standards are identical in content. The following requirements apply to both standards.
Process
- For pipe NPS 1 1/2 [DN 40] and under, it shall be permissible to furnish hot finished or cold drawn.
- Unless otherwise specified, pipe NPS 2 [DN 50] and over shall be furnished hot finished. When agreedupon between the manufacturer and the purchaser, it ispermissible to furnish cold-drawn pipe.
- Cold-drawn seamless steel pipes have higher dimensional accuracy and smaller tolerance range, smooth surface, and are commonly used in machinery manufacturing, hydraulic systems, and other applications that require high dimensional accuracy and strength.
- Hot Finish Seamless Steel pipes will have oxidized skin or other traces of hot working on the surface and are suitable for applications such as building structures, fluid transportation, etc. where the requirement for dimensional accuracy is not particularly high, but the plasticity of the material is required to be high.
Heat Treatment
Hot finished pipe need not be heat treated. Cold-drawn pipe shall be heat treated after the final cold draw pass at a temperature of 1200°F (650℃) or higher.
Chemical Composition
| Composition % |
Carbon | Manganese | Phosphorus | Sulfur | Silicon | Chromium | Copper | Molybdenum | Nickel | Vanadium |
| max | - | max | max | min | max | max | max | max | max | |
| Grade A | 0.25 a | 0.27-0.93 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.15 | 0.40 | 0.08 |
| Grade B | 0.30 b | 0.29-1.06 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.15 | 0.40 | 0.08 |
| Grade C | 0.35 b | 0.29-1.06 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.15 | 0.40 | 0.08 |
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a For each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06 % of manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.35 %.
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- ASTM A106 steel pipe has a maximum carbon equivalent (CE) of 0.5.
CE = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15
Mechanical Properties
Tensile Requirements
| - | Grade A | Grade B | Grade C |
| Tensile strength, min | 48,000 psi [330 MPa] | 60,000 psi [415 MPa] | 70,000 psi [485 MPa] |
| Yield strength, min | 30,000 psi [205 MPa] | 35,000 psi [240 MPa] | 40,000 psi [275 MPa] |
| Scope | Grade A | Grade B | Grade C | ||
| Elongation in 2 in.[50 mm],min,% | longitudinal | Basic minimum elongation transverse strip tests,and for all small sizes tested in full section | 35 | 30 | 30 |
| When standard round 2-in.[50-mm] gauge length test specimen is used | 28 | 22 | 20 | ||
| For longitudinal stip tests | A | A | A | ||
| Transverse | Basic minimum elongation transverse strip tests,and for all small sizes tested in full section | 25 | 16.5 | 16.5 | |
| When standard round 2-in.[50-mm] gauge length test specimen is used | 20 | 12 | 12 | ||
| For transverse strip tests,a deduction for each 1/32-in.[0.8-mm] decrease in wall thickness below 5/16 in.[7.9 mm] from the basic minimum elongation of the following percentage shall be made |
1.25 |
1.00 | 1.00 | ||
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A The minimum elongation in 2 in.[50 mm] shall be determined by the following equation: e = 625000A0.2/ U0.9
for inch-pound units,and e=1940A0.2 / U0.9
for SI units,
A = cross-sectional area of the tension test speacimen,in.2[mm²]. based upon spacified outside diameter or nominal specimen width and specified wall thickness, rounded to the nearest 0.01 in.2[1 mm²]. (If the area thus calculated is equal to or greater than 0.75 in.2[500 mm²], the value 0.75 in.2 [500mm²] shall be used.), and
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Bending Requirements
For pipes NPS 2 [DN 50] and smaller, the pipe is bent 90° around a cylindrical mandrel with a diameter 12 times the outside diameter of the pipe without cracking.
For pipe whose diameter exceeds 25 in. [635 mm] and whose diameter-to-wall thickness ratio is 7.0 or less, the bend test shall be conducted. The bend test specimens shall be bent at room temperature through 180° with a 1 in. [25 mm] inside diameter without cracking on the outside of the bend.
Flattening Requirements
No need to perform a flattening test.
If there is a requirement for experimentation in the order, the tubes should meet the requirements of S3 in the Supplementary Requirements.
Hydrostatic Test & Nondestructive Electrical Test
The surface of the pipe should be marked in accordance with the hydrostatic and nondestructive electrical tests performed on ASTM A106 steel pipe.
| Hydro | NDE | Marking |
| Yes | No | Test Pressure |
| No | Yes | NDE |
| No | No | NH |
| Yes | Yes | Test Pressure / NDE |
Hydrostatic Test
Except as allowed by The following situations ,each length of pipe shall be subjected to the hydrostatic test without leakage through the pipe wall.
- As an alternative to the hydrostatic test at the option ofthe manufacturer or where specified in the purchase order,itshall be permissible for the full body of each pipe to be testedwith a nondestructive electric test
- Where specified in the purchase order,it shallbepermissible for pipe to be furnished without the hydrostatic testand without the nondestructive electric test
Nondestructive Electrical Test
When performing nondestructive testing on ASTM A106 seamless steel pipes, the requirements of standards E213, E309, or E570 should be followed to inspect all locations of the pipes.
Dimensional Tolerance
Mass, Thickness, and length
| List | Tolerance | |
| Mass | – 3.5% – + 10% | |
| Thickness | – 12.5% | |
| Lengths | Single random lengths | shall have a minimum beverage length of 35 ft [10.7 m] and shall have a minimum length of 22 ft [6.7 m], Except that 5% shall be permitted to be less than 22 ft [6.7 m] and none shall be less than 16 ft [4.8 m]. |
| Double random lengths | shall have a minimum average length of 35 ft [10.7 m] and shall have a minimum length of 22 ft [6.7 m], Except that 5% shall be permitted to be less than 22 ft [6.7 m] and none shall be less than 16 ft [4.8 m]. |
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Diameter
| Outer Diameter | Tolerances | ||
| NPS | DN | in | mm |
| 1/8 – ≤ 1 1/2 | 6 – ≤ 40 | -0.015 – +0.015 | -0.4 – +0.4 |
| ＞ 1 1/2 – ≤ 4 | ＞ 40 – ≤ 100 | -0.031 – +0.031 | -0.8 – +0.8 |
| ＞ 4 – ≤ 8 | ＞ 100 – ≤ 200 | -0.031 – +0.062 | -0.8 – +1.6 |
| ＞ 8 – ≤ 18 | ＞ 200 – ≤ 450 | -0.031 – +0.093 | -0.8 – +2.4 |
| ＞ 18 – ≤ 26 | ＞ 450 – ≤ 650 | -0.031 – +0.125 | -0.8 – +3.2 |
| ＞ 26 – ≤ 34 | ＞ 650 – ≤ 850 | -0.031 – +0.156 | -0.8 – +4.0 |
| ＞ 4 – ≤ 8 | ＞ 850 – ≤ 1200 | -0.031 – +0.187 | -0.8 – +4.8 |
- Steel pipe with an outside diameter over 10 in [250 mm], with an outside diameter tolerance not exceeding ±1% of the specified outside diameter.
- Steel pipe having an inside diameter over 10 in [250 mm] with an inside diameter tolerance of not more than ±1% of the specified inside diameter.
End Finish
NPS 1 1/2 [DN 40] and Smaller
- All walls shall be either plain-end square cut or plain-end beveled.
NPS 2 [DN 50] and Larger
- Walls through extra-strong weights shall be plain-end beveled.
- Walls over extra-strong weight shall be plain-end square cut.
Plain-end Bevel Requirements
Bevel angle: 30° – 35°.
Root face: 0.8 – 2.4 mm.
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